Packages in PL/SQL | Oracle PL/SQL - Packages Tutorial Videos 2023 | Parnika Tutorials
"Packages in PL/SQL | Oracle PL/SQL - Packages Tutorial Videos 2023
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01:42 - package specification
03:08 - package body
03:54 - syntax for creating a packages
05:13 - create a package body
07:49 - package specification"
Packages are schema objects that groups logically related PL/SQL types, variables, and subprograms.
A package will have two mandatory parts −
Package specification
Package body or definition
Package Specification
The specification is the interface to the package. It just DECLARES the types, variables, constants, exceptions, cursors, and subprograms that can be referenced from outside the package. In other words, it contains all information about the content of the package, but excludes the code for the subprograms.
All objects placed in the specification are called public objects. Any subprogram not in the package specification but coded in the package body is called a private object.
CREATE PACKAGE cust_sal AS
PROCEDURE find_sal(c_id customers.id%type);
END cust_sal;
/
The package body has the codes for various methods declared in the package specification and other private declarations, which are hidden from the code outside the package.
The CREATE PACKAGE BODY Statement is used for creating the package body.
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY cust_sal AS
PROCEDURE find_sal(c_id customers.id%TYPE) IS
c_sal customers.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO c_sal
FROM customers
WHERE id = c_id;
dbms_output.put_line('Salary: '|| c_sal);
END find_sal;
END cust_sal;
/
Using the Package Elements
The package elements (variables, procedures or functions) are accessed with the following syntax −
package_name.element_name;
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