How to Use an LCD Display - Arduino Tutorial
The LiquidCrystal library allows you to control LCD displays that are compatible with the Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you can usually find them by the 16-pin interface.
In this tutorial you will learn how to use LCD 16x2 display (and 20x4) with Arduino uno.
You will also learn how to use lcd.begin(), lcd.print() and lcd.setCursor() functions
So, let's get started!
Step 1: What You Will Need
For this tutorial you will need:
Arduino uno
Breadboard
LCD 16x2
Potentiometer (e.g. 4.7K)
Step 2: About the LCD Dislpay Pinout
The parallel interface consists of the following pins:
Power Supply pins (Vss/Vcc): Power the LCD
Contrast pin (Vo): Control the display contrast
Register Select (RS) pin: Controls where in the LCD's memory you're writing data to
Read/Write (R/W): Selects reading mode or writing mode
Enable pin: Enables writing to the registers
8 data pins (D0 -D7): The states of these pins (high or low) are the bits that you're writing to a register when you write, or the values you're reading when you read.
Backlight (Bklt+ and BKlt-) pins: Turn on/off the LED backlight
The Hitachi-compatible LCDs can be controlled in two modes: 4-bit or 8-bit. The 4-bit mode requires seven I/O pins from the Arduino, while the 8-bit mode requires 11 pins.
For displaying text on the screen, you can do most everything in 4-bit mode, so in this tutorial we will use 4-bit mode.
Step 3: The Circuit
The connections are easy, see the video above
Step 4: The Code
Here's the code, embedded using codebender!
The lcd.begin(16,2) command set up the LCD number of columns and rows. For example, if you have an LCD with 20 columns and 4 rows (20x4) you will have to change this to lcd.begin(20x4).
The lcd.print("--message--") command print a message to first column and row of lcd display. The "message" must have maximum length equal to lcd columns number. For example, for 16 columns display max length is equal with 16 and for 20 columns display max length is equal with 20.
The lcd.setCursor(0,1) command will set cursor to first column of second row. If you have an LCD 20x4 and you want to print a message to column five and third row you have to use: lcd.setCursor(4,2).
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
void setup() {
// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(16, 2);
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.print("Hello it's");
}
void loop() {
// set the cursor to column 0, line 1
// (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0):
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
//Print a message to second line of LCD
lcd.print("Techno Hacker");
}
Step 5: Well Done!
You have successfully completed one more Arduino "How to" tutorial and you learned how to use an LCD display with Arduino uno.
I hope you liked this, let me know in the comments.
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